ItEn

BOOKS AS ART

I LIBRI, LE ARTISTE

The exhibition Books As Art. I Libri, le artiste will be presented on Thursday 5 December, at 18.00, in the presence of Rector Francesco Mola. It will be the third installment of a multi-year project promoted by MUACC, in collaboration with Gramma_Epsilon Gallery,  Athens. The overarching mission of the project is focused on ‘restoring’ women’s artistic research back into the cultural history of the 20th and 21st centuries. Research that has been pushed to the margins of the cultural system for centuries, yet now sits in a context that has become essential to the international field of art studies and to the current historical-critical debate. 

After the two previous solo exhibitions dedicated to Franca Sonnino and Francesca Cataldi, Books As Art. I libri, Le artiste now focuses on a large group exhibition in which seventy works, by more than fifty artists, are presented in book form.

The book is, in fact, of key importance in women’s artistic research starting with the groundbreaking exhibition ‘The Materialization of Language’, curated by Mirella Bentivoglio in the context of the 38th Venice Biennale in 1978. In this exhibition and during the numerous initiatives curated in the 1980s and 1990s, Mirella Bentivoglio developed her terminology that became central to her entire aesthetic approach: the form and meaning of the book unite two realms, that of Logos, language, and that of Mater, matter. Two opposing but complementary worlds that merge into singular, communicative, and at times, silent poetic testimonies. Where Mater also encapsulates, etymologically, the need to assert an anti-rhetorical idea of motherhood and femininity. 

Carrying on that legacy, Books As Art. I libri, le artiste examines the book, or rather, books, by women artists in their conceptual and material dimensions, and across all of their possible manifestations. Books published in limited experimental copies, which within the two-dimensionality of the page encompass the hybridization of design and photography; object-books, in their three-dimensional and multi-material form, set forth the harmonious blend of different signs and cultures. Books made of threads, those of a coherent yet ever-changing, ever-evolving discourse. Books that become the medium of connection and contamination between verbal and visual code. Books as different experiences – capturing and linking the realm of thought, word and image directly to the realm of existence. 

A broad palimpsest of small-grand masterpieces unfolds along the exhibition itinerary, starting from the late 1960s and the early 1970s – with In Principio Erat (1971), by Ketty La Rocca, whose images are both a photographic and a performative idiom – until today. Many works are groundbreakers made in an attempt to tear down the patriarchy, such as Tomasso Binga’s Tempo presente, (1977). Others were exhibited in Venice, in 1978, as in the case of Leviathan, a book-sculpture by Gisella Meo, and Iperipotenusa by Lia Drei. From 1978 Maria Lai’s Libro scalpo, elaborated from the Volume-oggetto, also exhibited in ‘Materialization of Language.’ From 1991 Imago Imago, an extraordinary book by Lucia Marcucci, a pioneer of Visual Poetry, also epitomised by the quasi-contemporary Afasia (1992). Other, more recent works demonstrate the dynamic research of female authors over time, as in the case of Francesca Cataldi and Franca Sonnino, who both exhibit at MUACC, with The Book of War (2024) by the latter, symbolically referring to today’s dramatic international scene. Female authors of the past are brought together with artists of recent generations and of different nationalities – among them Astra Papachristodoulou, Maria Jole Serreli, Giulia Spernazza – who represent the conceptual, verbo-visual, and fiber art movement, and who continue to explore – from different points of view, and consistently through their own poetic approaches – the infinite potential of the book as a form of connection, as a statement and vindication. Above all, a claim to freedom. 

Books as Art was first shown at Gramma_Epsilon in Athens in 2023, and now introduced as an extended and renewed version, specifically designed for the University Museum of Cagliari. For each of the two exhibition events, Maria Jole Serreli developed two new performances: the performance designed for the Cagliari edition accompanied the preview of the show as part of the Pazza Idea Festival. 

Books as Art will be compiled into a single catalogue, published in both English and Italian. 

Artists

Marilla Battilana, Mirella Bentivoglio, Tomaso Binga, Irma Blank, Anna Boschi, Francesca Cataldi, Betty Danon, Chiara Diamantini, Neide Dias de Sá, Lia Drei, Anna Esposito, Fernanda Fedi, Ileana Florescu, Coco Gordon, Elisabetta Gut, Marianna Karava, Susanne Kessler, Maria Lai, Rosanna Lancia, Liliana Landi, Ketty La Rocca, Carolina Lombardi, Virginia Lorenzetti, Sara Lovari, Lucia Marcucci, Gisella Meo, Patrizia Molinari, Aurèlia Muñoz, Elly Nagaoka, Riri Negri, Francesca Nicchi, Giulia Niccolai, Antonietta Orsatti, Luana Perilli, Astra Papachristodoulou, Renata Prunas, Betty Radin, Franca Rovigatti, Anna Maria Sacconi, Giovanna Sandri, Alba Savoi, Marilena Scavizzi, Evelina Schatz, Greta Schödl, Maria Jole Serreli, Franca Sonnino, Giulia Spernazza, Chima Sunada, Dora Tass, Salette Tavares, Anna Torelli, Anna Uncini.

INFO

Mirella Bentivoglio “The Other Side of the Moon”

MIRELLA BENTIVOGLIO. The Other Side of the Moon 8/3/2022- 10/5/2022

curated by Davide Mariani and Paolo Cortese

Knock (on your dreams) and they will open…

(Mirella Bentivoglio)

‘The Other Side of the Moon’, organized by the Italian Embassy of Athens, the Italian Cultural Institute in Athens and the Gramma_Epsilon Gallery, in collaboration with the Mirella Bentivoglio Archive, is the first retrospective dedicated to Mirella Bentivoglio in Greece and pays homage to the centenary of the influential Italian artist’s birth (Klagenfurt 1922 – Rome 2017).

Curated by Paolo Cortese and Davide Mariani, and on display at the Italian Cultural Institute and the Gramma_Epsilon Gallery, the exhibition highlights the depth and complexity of her poetry. The collection, which includes more than fifty works, including photos, videos and drawings, invites visitors to appreciate key moments in her artistic and curatorial career, and her thought-provoking ideas on subjects that are still very relevant today.

Concrete poetry to Visual poetry

The exhibition traces the stages that marked Mirella Bentivoglio’s biographical and artistic journey, starting with her experimentations during the sixties and seventies, when she explored Concrete poetry, where meaning is transmitted through the shape and composition of letters and words, such as ‘Story of Monument’ (Storia del monumento), created with Annalisa Alloatti in 1968, ‘Cage (I have)’ (Gabbia HO,1966-70), ‘Success’ (Successo,1969). Her Visual poetry followed, characterized by the introduction of slogans and elements of pop culture, such as her renowned ‘I love you’ (Ti amo,1970).

In many of her works in those years she often investigated aspects of modern society, such as consumerism, which she openly and fervently criticized, such as in ‘The Consumed Consumer’ (Il consumatore consumato,1974) or ‘Heart of the Obedient Female Consumer’ (Il cuore della consumatrice ubbidiente,1975),and her witty interpretation of one of the most emblematic consumer logos for coca cola. “I noticed that by placing the two ‘C’s opposite each other to make a heart shape – and their shape alone made this possible (I did not have to change anything), the ‘oca’ (goose) appeared of its own accord”, affirmedBentivoglio in one of her last interviews in which she identified the ‘female-goose’ as a principal ally of consumerism.

The exhibition also documents her main environmental interventions from the mid 1970s, such as::‘Egg of Gubbio’ (L’Ovo di Gubbio 1976),‘Poem to a Tree’ (Poesia all’albero,1976), ‘And=conjunction: head-on collision, immobilizing locking’ (E=congiunzione: Scontro frontale, Incastro immobilizzante,1978-81), ‘An ‘E’ of ‘E’s’, (Una “E” di “E”,1979-1981), Operation Orpheus’ (Operazione Orfeo,1982) and ‘Field-book, Agri-culture’ (Libro campo, Agri-cultura,1998). The strong symbolism and identity connotations in each work carry the potential to create new and meaningful relationships with the surrounding landscape.

The female touch

Among the many issues explored by the artist, that of gender undoubtedly played a key role, as seen in many of her works on show, including: DIVA/NO (1971), ‘Tombstone to the Housewife’, (Lapide alla casalinga,1974) or ‘Cancelled’, (La cancellata,1977-98). In these works, Bentivoglio affirms that female emancipation is possible, but not a foregone conclusion, as she herself reminds us: “there was a habit of considering women aesthetically present only as housewives; female scientists were acknowledged, but not female artists”.

While the popular image of a woman was someone sewing and caring for the family, a kind of angel of the hearth, for Bentivoglio this concept needed to be reversed, by claiming a new role in society.

This is epitomized in the iconic writing on a T-shirt in ‘Correction, linguistic promotion of sewing’, (Correzione, promozione linguistica del cucito, 1988), which says: ‘do not/fear, I am a woman’ (niente/abbiate paura, sono una donna).

My afternoons with Franca

Over the last few years, my acquaintance with Franca Sonnino became more intense. Under the pretext of reorganizing her photographic and bibliographic archive, we got into the habit of seeing each other almost every week! Time flies with her, between a donut, a coffee and our endless chats ! However, the eagerly awaited moment is to reach her studio where she shows me her last works: as a young artist would do , Franca scrutinizes me carefully while I observe them to share my opinion. The thing that always gets me is the sense of profound humility that characterizes her, but this is perhaps the hallmark of all great figures, artists or not.
This interview, fruit of our numerous meetings will be soon published in ARTE MORBIDA. I thank Barbara Pavan and the editorial staff of ARTEMORBIDA for the dedicated space.

ph. by Daniele Delonti

Biennale 1978

MATERIALIZZAZIONE DEL LINGUAGGIO

Nel 1971 Mirella Bentivoglio organizza l’Esposizione Internazionale di Operatrici Visuali al Centro Tool di Milano, prima mostra dedicata ad artiste visuali donne. Il suo lavoro sul tema è ufficializzato istituzionalmente nel 1978 con l’invito a curare la mostra Materializzazione del linguaggio alla Biennale di Venezia, mentre Giulio Carlo Argan la invita a redigere la voce “Poesia Visiva” per il Supplemento all’Enciclopedia Universale dell’Arte (Unedi, Fondazione Cini). La mostra veneziana sancisce il suo lavoro critico e diventa un elemento-cardine, oltre che un apripista a livello storico, delle esposizioni votate al mondo artistico femminile. Vi sono invitate 80 artiste operanti nel campo della poesia visuale e vengono esposte 154 opere tra poesie, illustrazioni e libri d’artista. Presenti in mostra: Katalin Ladik, Patrizia Vicinelli, Christina Kubisch, Varvara Fyodorovna Stepanova, Mirella Bentivoglio, Irma Blank, Chiara Diamantini, Maria Lai, Annalisa Alloatti, Tomaso Binga, Regina, Gisella Meo, Carla Vasio, Paula Claire, Sonia Delaunay, Betty Danon, Agnes Denes, Neide Dias de Sà, Lia Drei, Anna Esposito, Maria Ferrero Gussago, Ilse Garnier, Natalia Gončarova, Luisa Gardini, Elisabetta Gut, Ana Hatherly, Janina Kraupe, Pat Grimshaw, Micheline Hachette, Mira Schendel, Liliana Landi, Lucia Marcucci, Silvia Mejia, Anna Oberto, Rochella Cooper, Amelia Etlinger, Sylvie Fauconnier e altre artiste italiane e internazionali.

Spiega il catalogo: “Smaterializzata in passato nella sublimità astratta della sua pubblica immagine, parallela alla sua pubblica assenza; privatamente confinata nel contatto quotidiano e esclusivo con le materie, la donna oggi pone tutta sé stessa in un mondo derealizzato nei meccanismi ripetitivi. Le nuove forme di poesia sono la riappropriazione di ciò che lei, insieme con l’uomo, ha elaborato dalle sedi primarie dell’esistenza, il linguaggio”.

Con la curatela di circa trenta mostre al femminile nel mondo, Mirella Bentivoglio indaga tematiche specifiche sull’uso del linguaggio, come ad esempio il tema dell’utilizzo del filo nelle opere delle artiste. Presentata come evento collaterale alla Biennale di Venezia del 1978, la mostra ottiene una vasta risonanza internazionale e approda nel 1979 alla Columbia University di New York, dov’è presentata con il titolo From Page to Space.